The National Park Plitvice Lakes is part of the Dinaric karst area characterized by carbonate geological background, a number of karst forms, rare occurrence of surface flow, and expressed surface-bond underground through numerous cracks. Plenty of water and creating a lake in the end such an extraordinary and precious occurrence.
Important role in the whole system is gathering area that supplies water to the lake. It is highly porous with numerous underground (caves and pits) and surface karst formations (sinkholes or sinkhole and field), but poor surface flows. The limestone peaks rise right in that area, and the highest - Seliški peak, 1279 m. After the way through the underground water encounters an obstacle - an impermeable rock with which expires at the surface, forming many streams, which enrich the lake. The most important sources of Black and White rivers. At the impermeable surface were formed Upper Lakes: Prošćansko, Ciginovac, Okrugljak, Batinovac, Big Lake, Small Lake, Vir, Galovac, Milino, Gradinsko Lake, the largest Burgeti Plitvice Lakes - Kozjak. Lower lakes: Milanovac, Gavanovac, Kaluđerovac and Novakovic Brod, limestone canyon in the concave surface, part of the transmissive areas, where water sinks and is lost through the numerous cracks in the underground. On the surface of the mesh network of numerous depressions called sinkholes, as a "tower", jutting limestone blocks.
Water streams Plitvice descending over cliffs forming a 78 me Amphitheatre Great waterfall highest waterfall in Croatia, together with water forms a lake waterfall essays which begins river Koran.
Water saturated with calcium carbonate, one of the conditions for the emergence of barriers. It occurs on outcrops of moss, where millions live algae and bacteria, which secrete mucus, to which fine crystals of calcite and turned into a "living stone". The most common moss that covers the steep vertical limestone barriers, and participates in the creation of barriers is Cratoneuron comutataum. She quickly "okamenjuje", a look of moss remains well preserved in the sediment. On the quieter places, water moss, Bryum pseudotriquetrum creating tufa "brijumskog type. This type belongs to the travertine that builds essays.
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